Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks

src: cdn.cnn.com

There is growing concern over the health effects of the September 11 attacks in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan. Within seconds the collapse of the World Trade Center, building materials, electronic equipment, and furniture were destroyed and scattered in the area.

Within five months of the attack, the dust from the crushed building continued to fill the air of the World Trade Center site. More New Yorkers report symptoms of Ground Zero respiratory disease.

Various health programs have emerged to address the ongoing health effects of the September 11 attacks. The World Trade Center Health Program, which provides testing and care to survivors and survivors of 9/11, consolidated much of this after the James Zadroga Act became law in January 2011.

Video Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks

Exposure and conditions

By December 2017, the most common conditions certified by the World Trade Center's Health Program are rhinosinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), asthma, sleep apnea, cancer, post-traumatic stress disorder, respiratory illness, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, and anxiety. chaos. The most common cancers are skin cancer and prostate cancer. The World Trade Center Health Program regularly publishes the most commonly certified provisions on its website.

Toxic dust

The dust from the collapsed tower was "highly toxic", according to air pollutants and Professor Emeritus Thomas Cahill of the University of California Davis. Many of the thousands of tons of flakes resulting from the collapse of the Twin Towers are powdered concrete, which is known to cause silicosis when inhaled. The rest consists of more than 2,500 contaminants, more specifically: 50% non-fibrous materials and construction debris; 40% glass and other fibers; 9.2% cellulose; and 0.8% of highly toxic carcinogenic asbestos, as well as the amount of lead and mercury being detected. There is also an unprecedented level of dioxin and PAH from burning fires for three months. Many dispersed substances (asbestos, crystalline silica, lead, cadmium, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) are carcinogenic; Other substances can trigger kidney, heart, liver and nervous system damage. This is very well known by the EPA at the time of collapse. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) funded a case report by Mt Sinai looking at carbon nanotubes in dust samples and in the lungs of some Sept. 11 respondents.

This toxic exposure has caused a debilitating disease between rescue, recovery, and cleansing workers, and the death of NYPD member pulmonary fibula Cesar Borja. More cases are emerging where the first respondent develops a serious respiratory illness. The health effects also extend to some of the nearby Lower Manhattan and Chinatown residents, workers and office workers.

Dr Edwin M. Kilbourne, a high-level federal scientist, issued a memo on September 12, 2001, to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on the rapid return to buildings in the area due to the possible dangers of various toxic materials.

Associate City Health Commissioner Kelly McKinney on October 6, 2001, said that the appropriate security protocols for WTC site workers are not enforced.

A study of 5,000 rescue workers published in April 2010 by Dr. David J. Prezant, chief medical officer for the Office of Medical Affairs at New York City Fire Department found that all the workers under study had impaired lung function with an average 10 percent drop. The study found the disorder that emerged in the first year after the attack with little or no improvement in the next six years. 30 to 40 percent of workers reported persistent symptoms and 1000 of the study group were in "permanent respiratory defects." Dr. Prezant noted the drugs given symptoms are easy but not drugs. Dr. Byron Thomashow, medical director of the Center for Chest Disease and Respiratory Failure at the New York-Presbyterian/Columbia Hospital said that "Pulmonary function decline was initially very significant and did not improve." That's not what we are "Generally occurs in people with exposure to fire and smoke. They usually recover. "

Cancer risk

A study published in December 2012 in The Journal of the American Medical Association observed a possible link between exposure to World Trade Center debris and excessive cancer risk. More than 55,000 people enrolled in the World Trade Center Health Registry, separated by rescue and/or recovery workers and non-rescue and/or recovery workers, were observed from 2003 or 2004 to December 31, 2008. Findings show the overall incidence of all cancers between recovery and/or recovery workers did not increase significantly, compared to unsaved and/or recovery workers. Nevertheless, incidents for prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, and multiple myeloma were significantly increased among survivors and/or recovery workers, in the last year of observation.

On November 28, 2006, Village Voice reported that several dozen recovery personnel have developed cancer - compared with contracting respiratory illnesses, and that doctors believe that some of these cancers develop as a result of exposure to toxins at the Ground Zero site: "To date, 75 recovery workers at zero have been diagnosed with cancer of the blood cells of which half a dozen top doctors and epidemiologists have been confirmed as likely to be caused by the exposure."

Psychological effects

A study published two months after 9/11 found that Americans across the country experienced symptoms of stress after the attack. Two subsequent studies found that exposure to attacks was a predictor of the development of PTSD.

Reactions

Dr Larry Norton from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Hospital said "Why does not the whole nation mobilize to take care of the chronic health effects of this disaster?". Dr. Norton mentioned the 70% disease rate among first responders as "wake-up call". Dr Nathaniel Hupert of Weill Cornell Medical College, cited by Jill Gardiner on October 4, 2006, edition of New York Sun said that early death and other dog diseases in the area were "our canary at a coal mine." Richard Clapp and David Ozonoff, professor of environmental health at Boston University School of Public Health; Michael Thun, director of epidemiological research at the American Cancer Society; Francine Laden, assistant professor of environmental epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health; Jonathan Samet, chair of the epidemiology department at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; and Charles Hesdorffer, professor of oncology at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, argues that cancer incidence among monitored individuals can not be called coincidence. They affirm that Ground Zero clouds are likely the cause of the disease. The American College of Preventative Medicine is concerned that malignant mesothelioma will develop among people exposed to Ground Zero air.

Maps Health effects arising from the September 11 attacks

Monitoring

There is scientific speculation that exposure to various toxic products and pollutants in the air around the Tower after the collapse of the WTC may have a negative effect on fetal development. Due to this potential danger, the famous children's environmental health center (Columbia University Center for Children's Health) is currently analyzing children whose mothers became pregnant during the fall of the WTC, living or working near the World Trade Center tower. The research staff assesses children who use psychological tests each year and interviews the mother every six months. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were significant differences in the development and development of the health of children whose mothers were affected, compared to those not exposed after the collapse of the WTC.

Mount Sinai Medical Center is conducting a continuous monitoring program, Medical Workers Program and Medical Volunteers from the World Trade Center. A leader of Mt. Sinai's oversight efforts are Stephen M. Levin, Director of Mount Sinai Medical - Irving J. Selikoff Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine. The first respondent met in the conference, 11 November 2006, in an attempt to monitor the health of the respondents. The event was organized by the World Trade Center Monitoring Program.

An ongoing Monmouth University State University study reported that respiratory illnesses increased by more than two hundred percent in the year and a half after the September 11 attacks. (This is the first study to monitor police officers at the Ground Zero site published in "Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.") In this study of 471 police officers, 19 percent of officers in October 2001 had difficulty breathing; 44 percent of officers experienced shortness of breath in April 2003. The percentage of 471 cough-sputterers increased from 14 percent in October 2001 to 31 percent in 2003.

A 2006 medical study of fire fighters reported that people who breathe Air Ground Zero basically lose 12 years of lung function. In addition, the Mount Sinai report found that 70 percent of rescue and rescue workers reported poor respiratory function improvements between 2002 and 2004.

A 2008 report by the New York City Department of Health shows that up to 70,000 people may experience stress disorders from the attack. The findings were the result of a city health checklist on September 11, first responders, residents, and others.

August 2007 deadline for compensation related to Ground Zero

Apparently, out of at least 100,000 eligible, less than 14,000 have been registered, as reported by the National Council for Occupational Safety and Health. The deadline for final compensation for workers on 11 September is on August 14, 2007.

On July 12, 2007, Governor Eliot Spitzer was extended until August 14, 2008, deadline for filing workers' compensation claims, for people working or voluntarily in Ground Zero. Individuals will apply to the State Worker Compensation Agency.

src: www.asbestos.com

Controversy

alleged manipulation of EPA statement US President W. W.

President George W. Bush has been blamed by the Sierra Club for allegedly disrupting the interpretation and statement of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on air quality.

Initial statement by Christine Todd Whitman

On 18 September 2001, EPA administrator Christine Todd Whitman told the public, via press release, "We are very excited that the results of our monitoring of air quality and drinking water conditions in New York and near the Pentagon show that people in these areas are not exposed to excessive levels of asbestos or other harmful substances "and that" Given the scope of the tragedy from last week, I am happy to convince New Yorkers... that their air is safe to breathe and the water is safe to drink. "

Alleged EPA prediction about Ground Zero air quality

The August 2003 report by the EPA's Inspector General Office said the Bush administration was pressing the EPA to remove warning information about air quality at Ground Zero.

Many major differences between the draft version and the final version of the EPA statement are found. The recommendation that homes and businesses near zero be cleaned up by professionals is replaced by a request that residents follow orders from NYC officials. Another statement that shows concerns about "sensitive populations" is removed altogether. The language used to describe the excessive amount of asbestos in the area was drastically altered to minimize the harm it caused.

In September 2006, the US House Committee for Homeland Security held a two-day trial on diseases caused by air quality post 9/11. Former EPA chief Christine Todd Whitman is often the target of criticism.

EPA scientist, Dr. Cate Jenkins said on CBS television on September 8, 2006, that agency officials lied about air quality in the weeks after September 11, 2001. He said that in his opinion the EPA knew about air toxicity, and that WTC dust included asbestos and very high PH levels high. He said that some of the dust was "as caustic and basic as Drano." Dr. Marjorie Clarke also warned of the consequences of inhaling dust and toxic fumes. However, the agency does not pay attention to its warning.

The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation conducted research on the World Trade Center website, but refused to release the results, saying they were part of a criminal investigation.

On September 13, 2006, Congressman Jerrold Nadler (NY), Anthony Weiner (NY), Bill Pascrell Jr. (NJ) filed a request to US Attorney General Alberto Gonzales to investigate whether criminal allegations could be filed against Whitman for lying about air security in the Ground Zero area.

Government allegations downplay health risks

Critics assert that government officials - especially Bush, Christine Todd Whitman (former head of the US EPA), and New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani - downplay the health risks of the area and rush to reopen the area around Ground Zero, although this poses serious health risks and urgent for first responders. Many companies are eager to hear news about the New York Stock Exchange reopening just days after the collapse. On June 25, 2007, Whitman testified before a House of Representatives committee chaired by Jerrold Nadler. He said that a White House official told him that President Bush hopes that the Financial District will reopen in three days, ie, on 14 September. He said that he replied that this would be complicated, because the EPA is still assessing the health situation. in the area. Investigations after the attacks showed that the Bush administration was pressing Whitman and Giuliani to provide health insurance to keep Wall Street's operations running.

Two days after the collapse of the World Trade Center, the mayor Giuliani said, "The air is safe as far as we know, with respect to chemical and biological agents." Giuliani, in an attempt to deflate journalist New York Daily News journalist Juan Gonzalez on the 9/11 air issue, claimed that "the problem created... does not threaten health." In the first month after the attack, the mayor said, "Air quality is safe and acceptable."

In November 2001, Giuliani wrote to a delegate to the city Congress and urged that the city's responsibility for Ground Zero's disease was limited, in total, to $ 350 million. Two years after Mayor Giuliani completed his term, FEMA allocated $ 1 billion for a special insurance fund to protect the city from a 9/11 lawsuit.

In a September 18, 2006 New York Daily News article entitled, "Rudy Black Cloud: WTC's health risks can harm Prez Bid", Sally Regenhard, Christian Regenhard's dead mother on September 11, was quoted as saying, "There a large number of FDNY families, FDNY members, former and current, and civilian families who want to expose the true failure of the Giuliani government when it comes to 9/11. " He told the New York Daily News that he intended to "Swift Boat" Giuliani.

Later, Sen. Hillary Clinton contemplated calling Giuliani to testify before the Senate committee over whether the government failed to protect the recovery workers from the polluted Ground Zero airborne impact.

Congressman Nadler was quoted in a March 1, 2007 article, "New York Sun", "Potential Clinton-Giuliani War Cry Health Problems 9/11." He said he "really" wanted to interview Giuliani's administration officials about the environment after the September 11 attacks. He asks, "Who made the decision, if any, that resulted in unnecessarily many people getting sick?"

Handle cleaning procedure

The May 14, 2007, New York Times , "The Legacy of Ground Zero Illness Clouding Giuliani", provides an interpretation that thousands of workers at Ground Zero have fallen ill and that "many consider Mr. Giuliani's victory over leadership to come with human costs. "The article reported that he took over the control of Ground Zero's cleanup, took control of an established federal agency, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Army Engineer Corps and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Instead, he handed over responsibility to the "unknown" Department of Design and Construction. The document shows that the Giuliani government never imposed federal requirements requiring the use of respirators. At the same time, the government threatens firms with dismissal if clearing work slows down.

Workers work without proper respirators. They wear masks of painters or without cover. Specialists claim that the only effective protection against toxins such as asbestos air, is a special respirator. New York Committee for Occupational Safety and Health industrial hygienist David Newman said, "I was there watching people work without respirators." He continued, "Someone else releases a respirator to eat, it's an absurd, ridiculous, and unacceptable situation."

Local EPA offices set aside regional EPA offices. Dr. Cate Jenkins, an EPA scientist reporter, said that on 12 September 2001, a regional EPA office offered to deliver 30 to 40 electron microscopes to the WTC pit to test bulk dust samples for the presence of asbestos fibers. In contrast, local offices choose the less effective methods of polarized light microscopy testing. Dr. Jenkins alleges that the local office refused, saying, "We do not want you looking for cowboys here.The best thing they can do is assign you back to Alaska."

Claims, settlements, and maintenance costs

The first responders and other individuals demanded the City of New York. Lawyers criticized the city for failing to provide proper facial ventilators to clean workers. On October 17, 2006, federal judge Alvin K. Hellerstein denied New York City's motion to deny lawsuits demanding payment of health to first responders.

On November 19, 2010, the lawyer said that the plaintiff received a settlement that should have earned $ 625 million paid to more than 10,000 workers in trouble as a result of inadequate preparation for work at Ground Zero. Not all involved participate, but those who will not qualify for a share of the $ 7.4 billion provided by the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act, passed by the US House of Representatives in September 2010. New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg asked Senate to do the same. The plaintiffs in the settlement will also be eligible for compensation under the Zadroga Act.

On December 22, 2010, the United States Senate passed a 9/11 Health Bill opposing Republican opposition. The move calls for $ 1.8 billion to 2015 to monitor and treat injuries stemming from toxic dust and debris at the World Trade Center site. There are nearly 60,000 people enrolled in the health and treatment monitoring program associated with the 9/11 attacks. The bill is officially known as the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Bill, named after a New York police detective who took part in a zero-rescue effort and later developed respiratory complications.

On October 28, 2007, Jim Riches reported that New York City and its first conflicting prosecutors have shown interest in legal settlement, to settle lawsuits against the city. The settlement will result in a financial settlement divided in the following ways: forty percent for lawyers, and sixty percent for litigation.

The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health issued a study on July 17, 2007, indicating that the estimated monthly cost of treating Ground Zero workers has increased from about $ 6 million per month to $ 20 million per month by the end of 2007. The reason for this increased burden lies in the increasing number of workers the sick and worsening worker's disease. This suggests that a planned US home licensing law ($ 50 million) for sick workers, for the coming year, will not be sufficient. The number of workers registered with the Ground Zero program in the hospital area has reached 37,000. With about 500 new workers registering each month, the agency estimates that the number of applicants could reach 65,000 in two years. (The agency is overseen by the Department of Health and Human Services.) 40 percent of World Trade Center workers monitored by the Mount Sinai Hospital study do not have health insurance.

In June 2008, New York City argued in federal court that 30 percent of plaintiffs on September 11 were not seriously injured. This is part of a larger debate about the number of people who fall ill due to the collapse of the Twin Towers.

World Trade Center health administrators and controversy

On June 11, 2007, Bloomberg Mayor appointed Jeffrey Hon as health coordinator of the World Trade Center. Hon previously worked as a spokesperson for the September 11 Red American Recovery Program. People have offered contradictory statements, however, about the role of Hon. In an interview with Honorary New York Daily News Hon said that his role was to correct inconsistencies in city institutions and to address related pension issues. However, Bloomberg Mayor said that the role of Hon will not involve handling problems related to retirement. The press release also indicates that the coordinator will "provide a repository of WTC health information centers and ensure effective communication with those who may be experiencing health effects related to 9/11."

Dr. John Howard was appointed medical administrator of the federal World Trade Center Health Program funded through the James Zadroga Act. On July 22, 2011, Howard's report on a study of the relationship between exposure to particulates after and cancer was released. The report says there is not enough evidence of a link between particulate exposure and cancer. The report's findings mean that many of the first responders to the attacks will be limited in their access to funds for medical care. Three Representatives of New York Congressional Delegates Peter T. King, Carolyn B. Maloney and Jerrold Nadler, say they believe that further research will show a link between exposure and cancer.

Claim by a local resident

Lower Manhattan and Brooklyn residents carry a 111-page lawsuit against the EPA because of a publicly deceived hoax about Ground Zero air and dust dangers. The main force behind this effort is the Brooklyn residents, Jenna Orkin, of the World Trade Center Environmental Organization. On February 2, 2006, Federal Court Judge Deborah Batts issued a 83-page statement indicating that there was sufficient reason to continue the case. He also refused Whitman's immunity from the lawsuit.

On December 10, 2007, the legal process began in a case about the responsibility of government officials following the September 11, 2001 attacks. Former EPA Director Whitman was among the defendants in the lawsuit; the plaintiff in the lawsuit alleges that Whitman was guilty of saying that Manhattan's downtown air was safe after the attack.

On April 22, 2008, the US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled that EPA chief Whitman could not be held responsible for telling residents of the World Trade Center that the air was safe to breathe after the building collapsed. The appeals court said that Whitman had based his information on contradictory information and statements from President Bush. The US Justice Department is of the opinion that holding a responsible institution will establish a legal precedent at risk because future public officials will be afraid to make public statements. Judge Deborah Batts had previously refused to fire Whitman as a defendant, saying that his actions were "conscience".

An arbitrator says that most of the complainants who did not participate in the previous funds (created by Congress) will be awarded a settlement. The award will amount to $ 500 million. This resolution will involve all but 3 of the nearly 100 litigants.

Ground Zero Workers and Area Protests

On January 30, 2007, Ground Zero workers and groups such as Sierra Club and Heroes, Herung, Helped Hero meet on Ground Zero site and urged President George W. Bush to spend more money on aid for sick Ground Zero workers. They say that the $ 25 million that Bush pledged for sick workers is not enough. A Long Island iron worker, John Sferazo, at a protest rally said, "Why do you need 5½ years to meet us, Mr. President?"

Residents in the area joined the protests. Mariama James, who lives on the Ground Zero site block, said that she fell ill after clearing the debris and dust Ground Zero from her apartment. "Recovery workers are not the only people affected by this disaster," he said. "There are others who need care and monitoring."

Ground Zero worker demands

Ground Zero workers' families have filed a mass lawsuit against the city. Andrew Carboy of the company, Sulivan, Pappain, Bloc, McGrath and Cannovo said about the death of Cesar Borja, James Zadroga, and Mark DeBiase, "If Borja, Zadroga and DeBiase now are not a wake-up call for the city, I do not not know what will wake them up. "

In June 2007, the number of people filing claims against the city, related to Ground Zero's toxic exposure, reached 10,000. Attorney David Worby leads a class action suit that represents 8,000 people. As of September 2007, the number of plaintiffs in this case reached 10,000. "I started this lawsuit on behalf of one policeman who fell ill." He continued, "Nobody will touch the case with a 10-foot pole because it is considered unpatriotic to say anything against the cleanup or the EPA.

src: s.newsweek.com

Individuals who are vulnerable

Responder, worker, volunteer and office worker who died first

• Sister Cindy Mahoney, hospital volunteer
• Mark DeBiase, communications worker
James Zadroga, NYPD officer (The cause of Zadroga's death was under dispute: he was initially determined to die from 9/11 dust.) However, the City medical examiner confirmed that Zadroga died of his own injection of drugs, on the other hand, a doctor the third supports the original claim of WTC dust responsibilities, James's father, Joseph, said that medical examiners do not report "trace marks on his arm or body.")
• NYPD officer Cesar Borja (Though the Borja Officer was mentioned in the press as the "first respondent", The New York Times reported in February 2007 that Borja actually did not go on duty near the World Trade Center site until the end of December 2001. He made work and post traffic security on site, 12 hours per day.)
• NYPD Detective Robert Williamson
• Felicia Dunn-Jones, lawyer (she's added to the official 9/11 death list)
• NYPD officer Kevin Hawkins
• NYPD Officer, Frank Macri
• Former NYP Chief Detective William Allee (died May 24, 2018)

In 2008, principal investigator of a New York State Department of Health study told The New York Post of a study documenting at least 204 deaths of rescue and recovery workers since Sept. 11, 2001. Researchers for the study confirmed 98 deaths with death certificates. The researchers showed that 77 people died of the disease, including 55 from the lungs and various other cancers. Kitty Gelberg, head of epidemiology at the Occupational Health Bureau in New York, said: "We're not saying they're all related to the World Trade Center; we're just saying this is what people are dying." Many of the 55 respondents who died of cancer had cancer before 11 September 2001, but most cancer patients developed the disease afterwards.

Deaths of 98 to 2008 include:

• 55 cancers
• 21 traumatic injuries (motor vehicle accidents, gunfire and five murders, including four policemen killed during duty)
• 12 heart diseases, including 10 heart attacks
• 2 sarcoidosis
• 1 polyneuropathy (neurological disorder)
• 1 pneumonia
• 1 granuloma pneumonitis
• 1 alcoholism
• 1 amyloidosis (bone marrow disorder)
• 1 kidney disease

In 2017, 24 NYPD members died of cancer associated with the toxicity of a terrorist attack. In the first five months of 2018, 24 other NYPD members died for the same cause.

First responder

In particular, the first responders, the New York Police Department and members of the New York Department of Fire Department reporting to Ground Zero, have confirmed that they are victims of diseases associated with toxic clouds from damaged buildings and equipment. (See article: Rescue and recovery efforts after the September 11 attacks.) NYPD detective James Zadroga, 34, was the first 9/11 respondent whose 2006 death was directly linked to Ground Zero toxic substances. Gerard Breton, a pathologist from Ocean County, the New Jersey medical examiner's office, reported that "It is felt with a reasonable degree of medical certainty that the cause of death in this case is directly related to 9/11 incidents."

In addition to first responders who responded to the initial attack on the World Trade Center, many were assisted during the recovery operation. Cesar Borja, a NYPD veteran, died, falling ill with lung disease. He spends 16 hours a day on the burning Ground Zero ruins. Detective Robert Williamson, 46, died of pancreatic and lung cancer on May 13, 2007. He worked 16 hours a day, without taking a day off, doing recovery work on the Ground Zero site. After a clean-up effort, he was among individuals lobbied Governor George Pataki to sign a bill allowing retired Ground Zero sufferers to have their illness reclassified and receive additional retirement benefits. His family and union believe that his cancer is directly caused by Ground Zero dust exposure on the World Trade Center site.

Twenty-year NYPD veteran, Officer Kevin Hawkins, 41, died in May 2007 of kidney cancer, shortly after filing Ground Zero's disability pension. He has worked two months on the Ground Zero site.

On September 3, 2007, NYPD officer Frank Macri died of lung cancer that spread throughout his body, including his spine. Macri's lungs were filled with dust when the tower collapsed and he then spent two months working on the site. Long hours on the site gave him a spell of vomit and he was diagnosed with stage four cancer that had developed rapidly only a year after the attack, although non-smokers and cancer-free before the attack. In 2011, the lower court ruled that 9/11 toxins were the cause of Macri's death. In 2012, the New York Supreme Court ruled that Macri's widow is entitled to a death benefit from her full salary. On December 12, 2017, NYPD Captain Douglas Greenwood took his own life after a long battle with lung disease, caused by deadly chemicals in the air while working with other officers at Ground Zero. The pain he suffered over the years became too much to manage, causing him to take his own life by shooting himself in the chest near his home in Suffolk County, New York.

• Detective Thomas F. Weiner, Jr. New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective William B. Titus, Jr. New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Edward M. Ferraro, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer James J. Godbee, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Ronald E. Weintraub, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Gary Mausberg, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Vito Mauro, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer David Mahmoud, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Frank Macri, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective John F. Kristoffersen, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Louise M. Johnston, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Richard Jakubowsky, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Richard G. Holland, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective William J. Holfester, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective Alick W. Herrmann, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Robert B. Helmke, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective Kevin Hawkins, New York City Police Department, New York
• Sergeant Claire T. Hanrahan, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Robert C. Grossman, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective John E. Goggin, New York City Police Department, New York
• Captain Edward C. Gilpin, New York City Police Department, New York
• Captain Barry Galfano, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective Carmen M. Figueroa, New York City Police Department, New York
• Inspector Donald G. Feser, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Robert M. Ehmer, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Renee Dunbar, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective Corey J. Diaz, New York City Police Department, New York
• Sergeant Garrett Danza, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective Kevin A. Czartoryski, New York City Police Department, New York
• Police Officer Daniel C. Conroy, New York City Police Department, New York
• Sergeant Charles J. Clark, New York City Police Department, New York
• Lt. Steven L. Cioffi, New York City Police Department, New York
• Officer Madeline Carlo, New York City Police Department, New York
• Deputy Chief Steven Bonano, New York City Police Department, New York
• Frank M. Bolution, New York City Police Department, New York
• Ronald G. Becker, Jr., New York City Police Department, New York
• Karen E. Barnes, New York City Police Department, New York
• Alex W. Baez, New York City Police Department, New York
• Detective Sandra Y. Adrian, New York City Police Department, New York
• Officer Charles D. Cole, Jr., Nassau County Police Department, New York
• Officer Thomas G. Brophy, New York City Police Department, New York
• Special Agent William Sheldon, ATF
• Investigators â € <â €
• Captain Douglas Greenwood, New York City Police Department, New York (suicide)

Surviving first responders and their supporters confirmed that their illness had resulted from exposure to toxins in Ground Zero. The New York City Patrol Workers Association (PBA) filed a lawsuit to secure benefits for Officer Christopher Hynes, 36. In March 2004 he was diagnosed with sarcoidosis. However, the NYPD has refused to provide a line-of-duty injury status to him. Hynes has worked for 111 hours in Ground Zero and beyond. He claims that he has never been given the right respirator for his work at Ground Zero. He has difficulty paying medical bills due to the denial of the line-of-duty status. One medical provider sued him for $ 3,094 for medical bills. The provider finally gets out of court for $ 1,625. PBA notes that firefighters, by contrast, have been given a line-of-duty status for their injuries.

Volunteers

Hundreds of volunteer firefighters, construction workers, health professionals, clergymen, and other individuals took to the scene in the days immediately after the attack. These people volunteered directly on the Ground Zero site or care for the traumatized respondents. Among the individuals in the last group, newspaper accounts have quoted South Carolin's Episcopal nun, the death of Sister Cindy Mahoney as the death of Ground Zero's disease. Mahoney spent several months meeting the spiritual needs of first responders. Two weeks before his death, he was cut off from his insurance. He choked to death on November 1, 2006, after five years of lung problems.

Senator Hillary Clinton on Sister Mahoney and Ground Zero's disease: "We know that so many now suffer the health effects of inhaling toxic air in Ground Zero... But there are still some who doubt the relationship. destroy, Sister Mahoney will continue as he did in life, to help those affected by 9/11. "

Communications worker

Communication recovery worker Mark DeBiase, 41, died on April 9, 2006, from Ground Zero's disease. He works without a protective device to restore communication on the site. "DeBiase's work is very important in emergency workers to communicate that he was transported between locations in military helicopters," according to his father, Angelo DeBiase.

Hygiene officer

Manuel Checo is one of many janitors doing the cleaning work that now suffers from the cough of the World Trade Center. He spent six months on the site. Causing the problem of cleaning workers, three quarters of them do not have health insurance.

Financial district staff

Civil rights lawyer Felicia Dunn-Jones, 42, died February 10, 2002, from sarcoidosis. The head of the medical examiner in the town was late to mention his death because he was covered in a cloud of dust from the collapse of the Twin Towers, a block from his office.

Mayor Rudy Giuliani acted swiftly to "reopen Wall Street." Wall Street area reopened for business on September 17th.

Educators and students

Students and staff at Stuyvesant Secondary School return to school located a third of a mile north of the World Trade Center site, while fire is still on Ground Zero. Alumni is passing out petitions to pay more attention to Ground Zero air related health issues. There is a debate whether Cancer Class 2002 President Amit Friedlander is linked to Ground Zero air.

In addition, the students and staff members at Murry Bergtraum High School returned to the building several days after the attack, with the air system in school badly affected and damaged from the debris and dust from the World Trade Center site (the school is three quarters of a mile to the east site). Some teachers, especially from business departments, and students have developed asthma and other respiratory problems due to lack of polluted air and failure to clean the school's air conditioning system thoroughly years after the attack.

src: www.latimes.com

Documentary

• Fallout: Health Impact of 9/11
• Dust Being Dust: Health Effects 9/11
• Toxic Clouds of 9/11: The Displaced Disaster
• Poisonous Heritage

src: www.healthline.com

See also

• Victims of the September 11 attacks
• The collapse of the World Trade Center
• EPA 9/11 contamination contra
• James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act
• Rescue and recovery efforts after the September 11 attacks
• World Trade Center Health Program

src: upload.wikimedia.org

References

src: images.theconversation.com

External links

Zero Ground environmental advocacy organization

• 9/11 Environmental Action
• World Trade Center Environment Organization
• "Beyond Ground Zero" a group of community-based organizations that help low-income residents and workers.

Working organizations

• Feal Good Foundation, a non-profit organization, which aims to disseminate information on health issues on September 11 respondents
• 9/11 Health Now

Books

• Wayne Barrett and Dan Collins, Grand Illusion: The Untold Story of Rudy Giuliani and 9/11 (2006), ISBN: 0-06-053661-6
• Juan Gonzalez, (2002), ISBNÃ, 1-56584-754-7
• Steve Centore, One of them: First Story of Respondents (2008), ISBN: 0-9801274-0-8;

Documentary

• Fallout: The Health Impact of 9/11 - produced by Linda Sills and the BBC, was broadcast in May 2006 on BBC World.
• 911: Dust and Deceit on WTC - produced by Penny Little and People to People TV.
• Sicko - produced by Michael Moore and Dog Eat Dog Films, which was released theatrically on June 29, 2007, by The Weinstein Company.

Related links

• Supervision for the Health Effects of the World Trade Center Disaster between the Crumbling and Damaged Building Victims - The Centers for Disease Control
• World Trade Center response - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Center for Disease Press Release, First Report on Health Effects on Rescue Workers and World Trade Center Recovery Finds High Levels of Respiratory and Mental Health Problems
• The Defense Natural Resources Council's Site on the Environmental Impact of the World Trade Center Attacks
• Katie Couric Report September 2006 60 Minutes about Ground Zero's disease
• Transcript of the radio program Live on Earth on the health effects of cleaning
• The Municipal Dust Cleanup Program at the World Trade Center: Final Report of the Environmental Protection Agency

Source of the article : Wikipedia