New Haven is a coastal city in the state of Connecticut USA. Located in New Haven Harbor on the north shore of Long Island Sound in New Haven County, Connecticut, and is part of the New York metropolitan area. With a population of 129,779 as determined by the 2010 US Census, it is the second largest city in Connecticut after Bridgeport. New Haven is the main municipality of Greater New Haven, which has a total population of 862,477 in 2010.
New Haven is the first planned city in America. Founded in 1638 by the Puritan English, a year later eight roads lie in a four-by-four grid, creating what is commonly known as the "Nine-Square Plan". The common block of the center is New Haven Green, a 16-acre square (6Ã, ha), and the center of Downtown New Haven. The Green is now a National Historic Landmark and the "Nine Square Plan" is recognized by the American Planning Association as a National Planning Landmark. The Green also serves as a free public WiFi hotspot.
New Haven is the home of Yale University. As New Haven's largest taxpayer and employer, Yale serves as an integral part of the city's economy. Health care (hospitals and biotechnology), professional services (law, architecture, marketing, and engineering), financial services, and retail trade also contribute to the economic activities of the city.
The city served as the capital of Connecticut from 1701 to 1873, when a single administration was transferred to the more centralized city of Hartford. New Haven has since called itself the "Cultural Capital of Connecticut" for the provision of established theaters, museums and music venues. The New York Times says the city has "Art almost wherever you look."
New Haven has the first public tree planting program in America, producing a mature tree canopy (including some large elm trees) that gave New Haven the nickname "The City of Elm".
Video New Haven, Connecticut
History
Pre-colonial platform as independent colony
Before the Europeans arrived, the New Haven area was the home of the Native American Quinnipiac tribe, who live in the villages around the harbor and live from local fisheries and farming corn. This area was visited by the Dutch explorer, Adriaen Block in 1614. The Dutch merchants formed a small beaved trading system with the locals, but the trade was sporadic and the Dutch were not permanently settled in the area.
In 1637, a small group of Puritans visited the port area of ​​New Haven and lingered. In April 1638, the main party of five hundred Puritans who had left the Massachusetts Bay Colony under Pastor John Davenport and the London merchant Theophilus Eaton sailed to the harbor. It is their hope to build a theological community with a government closer to the church than in Massachusetts, and to exploit the potential of a very good area as a port. The Quinnipiacs, who were attacked by Pequots neighbors, sold their land to the settlers in exchange for protection.
In 1640, the theocratic government of "Qunnipiac" and the nine-square grid plan were in place, and the city was renamed Newhaven, with a 'paradise' which meant a harbor or port. (However, the area to the north remained Quinnipiac until 1678, when it was renamed Hamden.) The settlement became the headquarters of the New Haven Colony, different from the previously established Connecticut Colonies to the north based in Hartford. Reflecting his theocratic roots, the New Haven Colony forbade the establishment of other churches, while the Connecticut Colonies allowed it.
The economic disaster struck Newhaven in 1646, when it sent its locally loaded local freighter ship to England. It never reached its goal, and its loss hindered the development of New Haven versus the rising trade forces of Boston and New Amsterdam.
In 1660, the wishes of Colonel founder John Davenport were fulfilled, and the Hopkins School was established in New Haven with money from Edward Hopkins treasures.
In 1661, the Regicides who had signed the death warrant of Charles I of England were pursued by Charles II. Two of them, Colonel Edward Whalley and Colonel William Goffe, fled to New Haven for cover. Davenport arranged for them to hide in the hills of West Rock in the northwest of the city. Then the third judge, John Dixwell, joined the others.
As part of the Connecticut Colony
In 1664 New Haven became part of the Connecticut Colonies when the two colonies were merged under political pressure from Britain, according to folklore as a punishment for storing three judges (in fact, carried out to strengthen the case for a nearby New Amsterdam takeover, which quickly lost territory to migrants from Connecticut). Several members of the New Haven Colony who sought to establish a new theocracy elsewhere later established Newark, New Jersey.
It was made co-capital of Connecticut in 1701, a status it maintained until 1873.
In 1716, the Collegiate School moved from Old Saybrook to New Haven, establishing New Haven as a learning center. In 1718, in response to a major donation from the British East India Company merchant, Elihu Yale, former Governor of Madras, the name of the Collegiate School was changed to Yale College.
For over a century, New Haven residents have fought in colonial militia with regular British troops, as in the French and Indian Wars. As the American Revolution approaches, General David Wooster and other influential residents hope that the conflict with the British government can be resolved without rebellion. On April 23, 1775, still celebrated in New Haven as Powder House Day, The Second Company, Foot Guard Governor, from New Haven entered the struggle against the ruling British parliament. Under Captain Benedict Arnold, they enter the powder house to arm themselves and begin a three-day trip to Cambridge, Massachusetts. Other New Haven militia members were on hand to escort George Washington from overnight in New Haven on the way to Cambridge. Contemporary reports, from both sides, comment on the professional military pads of New Haven volunteers, including uniforms.
On July 5, 1779, 2,600 British loyalists and customers under General William Tryon, governor of New York, landed in New Haven Harbor and invaded the city of 3,500 people. A Yale student militia was preparing to fight, and former Yale president and Yale Divinity School professor Naphtali Daggett rode to face the Redcoats. Yale President Ezra Stiles recounts in his diary that when he moved furniture to anticipate combat, he still did not believe that the revolution had begun. New Haven was not burned like the colonists did with Danbury in 1777, or Fairfield and Norwalk a week after the New Haven attack, so much of the city's colonial character was preserved.
Post-colonial period and industrialization
New Haven was founded as a city in 1784, and Roger Sherman, one of the signatories to the Constitution and author of "Compromise Connecticut", became the city's first mayor.
The city struck a fortune in the late 18th century with the invention and industrial activity of Eli Whitney, a Yale graduate who remained in New Haven to develop a cotton mill and set up a weapons manufacturing plant in the northern city near the town of Hamden. line. The area is still known as Whitneyville, and the main road through both cities is known as Whitney Avenue. The factory now is the Eli Whitney Museum, which has a special emphasis on activities for children and exhibitions related to A. C. Gilbert Company. The plant, together with Simeon North, and the glowing and brass clock-making sector, contributed to making Connecticut early as a strong manufacturing economy; so many arms manufacturers have sprung up that the country is known as "The Arsenal of America". At that time at Whitney's weapons manufacturing plant, Samuel Colt invented the automatic revolver in 1836. Many other talented engineers and designers of weapons will continue to find successful firearms firms in New Haven, including Oliver Winchester and O.F. Mossberg & amp; Children.
The Farmington Channel, created in the early 19th century, was a short-haul carrier to Connecticut and inland hinterland, and ran from New Haven to Northampton, Massachusetts.
New Haven was home to one of the earliest important events in the growing anti-slavery movement when, in 1839, the Mende rebel court that was transported as slaves in the Spanish slaveship Amistad was held at New Haven District Court of the United States. There is a statue of Joseph CinquÃÆ'Â ©, the informal leader of the slaves, next to the Town Hall. See "Museum" below for more information. Abraham Lincoln delivered a speech on slavery in New Haven in 1860, shortly before he received a Republican nomination for the President.
The American Civil War encouraged the local economy by purchasing wartime industrial goods, including the New Haven Arms Company, which would later become the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. (Winchester will continue to produce weapons in New Haven until 2006, and many of the buildings that are part of the Winchester plant are now part of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company Historic District.) After the war, the population grew and multiplied by starting from the 20th century, mainly because the influx of immigrants from southern Europe, especially Italy. Currently, about half the population of East Haven, West Haven, and North Haven are Italian-Americans. Jewish immigration to New Haven has left an enduring mark in the city. Westville is the center of Jewish life in New Haven, although now many are spreading to suburban communities such as Woodbridge and Cheshire.
Post-industrial era and city rebuild
The New Haven expansion continued for two World Wars, with most new residents becoming African Americans from South America and Puerto Rico. The city reached its peak after World War II. The New Haven area is only 17 square miles (44 km 2 ), encouraging the further development of new housing after 1950 in adjacent suburban cities. Moreover, as in other cities in the US in the 1950s, New Haven began suffering from white flights of middle-class workers. One author suggests that aggressive redlining and rezoning make it difficult for residents to get financing for an older and worsening urban housing stock, thereby condemning the structure to deteriorate.
Year 1954; mayor Richard C. Lee started some of the earliest major urban renewal projects in the United States. Certain parts of downtown New Haven are rebuilt to include museums, new office towers, hotels, and large shopping complexes. Other parts of the city, especially the Wooster Square and Fair Haven areas are influenced by the construction of Interstate 95 along Long Wharf, Interstate 91, and Oak Street Connector. The Oak Street Connector (Route 34), runs between Interstate 95, downtown, and The Hill neighborhood, originally intended as a highway to the western suburbs but only finished as a highway to the city center, with the area westward being a boulevard (see " Redevelopment "below).
In 1970, a series of criminal prosecutions against various Black Panther Party members took place in New Haven, inciting mass rallies at New Haven Green involving twelve thousand demonstrators and many renowned New Left political activists. (See "Political Culture" below for more information).
From the 1960s to the late 1990s, New Haven's central regions continued to decline both economically and in terms of population despite efforts to revive certain environments through renewal projects. In relation to the declining population, New Haven experienced a sharp increase in its crime rate.
Since about 2000, many parts of downtown New Haven have been revitalized with new restaurants, nightlife, and small retail stores. In particular, the area around New Haven Green has undergone the inclusion of apartments and condominiums. In recent years, retail options in the city center have increased with the opening of new stores such as Urban Oufitters, J Crew, Origins, American Apparel, Gant Clothing, and Apple Store, joining older stores like Barnes & Noble Clothing and Raggs. In addition, two new supermarkets are opened to serve the growing housing population in the center of the city. A Stop & amp; The shop opened west of downtown, while Elm City Market, located one block from Green, opened in 2011. The recent turnaround in downtown New Haven has received positive pressure from various magazines.
Major projects include the construction of a new campus for the Gateway Community College campus, as well as a 3-storey, 3-storey apartment/retail building called 360 State Street. The 360 ​​State Street project is now occupied and is the largest residential building in Connecticut. The Boathouse and the new dock are planned for New Haven Harbor, and the Farmington Canal Trail linear park will be extended to downtown New Haven in the coming year. In addition, the foundation and ramp work to expand I-95 to create a new harbor that crosses into New Haven, with a bridge extradited to replace the 1950s Q Bridge, has begun. The city is still hoping to redevelop the New Haven Coliseum location, which was destroyed in 2007.
In April 2009, the United States Supreme Court agreed to hear a lawsuit over reverse discrimination filed by 18 white firefighters against the city. The lawsuit involved a 2003 promotion test for the New Haven Fire Department. After the tests were scored, no black firefighter was high enough to qualify for consideration for promotion, so the city announced that nothing would be promoted. In decision Ricci v. The next DeStefano court found 5-4 that New Haven's decision to ignore the test results violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As a result, the district court then ordered the city to promote 14 white firefighters.
In 2010 and 2011, state and federal funds were provided to Connecticut (and Massachusetts) to build the Hartford Line, with the southern terminal at Union New Haven Station and the northern terminal at Springfield's Union Station. According to the White House, "This corridor [currently] has one train per day connecting communities in Connecticut and Massachusetts to the Northeast and Vermont Corridors.The vision for this corridor is to restore alignment to the original route through the Knowledge Corridor in western Massachusetts, increasing the time travel and increase the population base that can be served. "Set for construction in 2013, the" intermediate high speed passenger corridor knowledge "project will cost about $ 1 billion, and the final north terminal for the project is reported to be Montreal in Canada. The intermediate train speed will reportedly exceed 110 miles per hour (180 km/h) and increase the city's rail traffic exponentially.
Timeline of leading first things
- 1638: New Haven became the first planned city in America.
- 1776: Yale Student, David Bushnell, created the first American submarine.
- 1787: John Fitch builds the first steamboat.
- 1793: Eli Whitney creates a cotton gin.
- 1836: Samuel Colt creates an automatic revolver at Whitney factory.
- 1839: Charles Goodyear of New Haven invented the rubber vulcanization process in Woburn, Massachusetts, and then refined it and patented the process in nearby Springfield, Massachusetts.
- 1860: Philios P. Blake patents the first bottle opener.
- 1877: New Haven hosts the first Bell PSTN (telephone) switch offices.
- 1878-1880: The District Telephone Company of New Haven created the world's first telephone exchange and first telephone directory and installed the first pay phone. The company grew and became a Connecticut Telephone Company, then the Southern New England Telephone Company (now part of AT & amp; T).
- 1882: Knights of Columbus was founded in New Haven. The city still serves as the organization's world headquarters, which maintains the museum's downtown.
- 1892: Local candied maker George C. Smith from Bradley Smith Candy Co. created the first lollipop.
- The late 19th-early-20th century: The first public tree-planting program was conducted in New Haven, at the urging of the native James Hillhouse.
- 1900: Louis Lassen, owner of Louis's lunch, is credited with inventing hamburgers, as well as steak sandwiches.
- 1911: Set Erector, a popular and culturally important toy construction found in New Haven by A.C. Gilbert. It was produced by A. C. Gilbert Company in Erector Square from 1913 until the bankruptcy of the company in 1967.
- 1920: In competition with competing explanations, Frisbee is said to have come from the Yale campus, based on a tin pan from the Pie Frisbie Company thrown by students at New Haven Green. 1977: The first warning for Holocaust victims on public land in America stands at Edgewood Park New Haven on the corner of Whalley and West Park. Built with funds collected from the community and managed by Greater New Haven Holocaust Memory, Inc. The ashes of the dead and cremated victims at Auschwitz are buried under a memorial.
The Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater New Haven has a broader list of new things in New Haven.
Maps New Haven, Connecticut
Geography
According to the US Census Bureau, the city has a total area of ​​20.1 square miles (52.1 km 2 ), which is 18.7 square miles (48.4 km 2 ) is ground and 1.4 square miles (3.7 km 2 ), or 6.67%, is water.
The most famous geography feature in New Haven is the large deep harbor, and two basalt rock traps that loom north-east and northwest of the city's core. These rock traps are known respectively as East Rock and West Rock, and both serve as a vast park. West Rock has been penetrated through the east-west path of the Wilbur Cross Parkway (the only highway tunnel through a natural barrier in Connecticut), and was once the hideaway of "Regicides" (see: Regicides Trail). Most New Residents call these people "Three Judges". East Rock features a prominent War of Soldiers and Sailors monument at its peak as well as the "Big Steps/Giants" climbing the rock cliffs.
The city is drained by three rivers; West, Mill, and Quinnipiac, named from west to east. The West River is dumped into West Haven Harbor, while the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers are dumped into New Haven Harbor. Both ports are embayment of Long Island Sound. In addition, several small streams flow through the urban environment, including Wintergreen Brook, Beaver Ponds Outlet, Wilmot Brook, Belden Brook, and Prospect Creek. Not all of these small streams flow continuously throughout the year.
Climate
New Haven has a temperate climate (typical climatic classification of KÃÆ'¶ppen: Dfa ) of most of New York's metropolitan areas, with long, hot summers and cool for winter. From May to late September, the weather is usually hot and humid, with average temperatures exceeding 80 ° F (27 ° C, 27 ° C) at 70 days per year. In the summer, Bermuda High creates as a warm, moist south stream of air, with frequent storm surges. October to early December is usually mild to cold at the end of the season, while early spring (April) can be cool to warm the body. Winter is cool enough with rain and snow. The weather patterns that affect New Haven are generated from the main offshore direction, thereby reducing the influence of the Long Island Sound sea - though, like other marine areas, the temperature difference between the right area along the shoreline and the area of ​​one or two miles inland can be large at times. During summer heat waves, temperatures may reach 95Ã, Â ° F (35Ã, Â ° C) or higher on occasions with a heat index value greater than 100Ã, Â ° F (38Ã, Â ° C). Tropical cyclones have attacked New Haven in the past, including the 1938 Hurricane (Long Island Express), Hurricane Carol in 1954, Hurricane Gloria in 1985.
Streetscape
New Haven has a long tradition of urban planning and deliberate design for urban planning. The city can be said to have some of the preformed layouts in this country. Once established, New Haven is laid out in a grid plan of nine square blocks; the central square is left open, in the tradition of many New England cities, as a green city (a commons area). The city also instituted the first public tree planting program in America. As in other cities, many elm trees that gave New Haven the nickname "Elm City" were destroyed in the mid-20th century due to Dutch Elm disease, although much has since been replanted. New Haven Green is currently home to three separate historic churches that speak to the city's original theocratic nature. The Green remains the social center of the city today. It was named National Historic Landmark in 1970.
The New Haven City Center, home to nearly 7,000 residents, has more residential character than most downtowns. The downtown area provides about half of the city's work and half of its tax base and in recent years has been filled with dozens of new upscale restaurants, some of which have garnered national praise (such as Ibiza (now under new management as "Olea"), recognized by the Esquire and Wine Spectator magazine and New York Times as the best Spanish food in the country), in addition to shops and thousands of apartment units and condominium that then helps the overall growth of the city.
Nearby Areas
The city has many different environments. In addition to the city center, centered in the central business district and Green, are the following environments: the western central neighborhood of Dixwell and Dwight; the south settlement of The Hill, the historic Water Point front (or Oyster Point), and the Long Wharf harbor district; the western neighborhoods of Edgewood, West River, Westville, Amity, and West Rock-Westhills; East Rock, Cedar Hill, Prospect Hill, and Newhallville on the north side of the city; the middle east neighborhood of Mill River and Wooster Square, an Italian-American neighborhood; Fair Haven, an immigrant community located between the Mill River and Quinnipiac; Quinnipiac Meadows and Fair Haven Heights across the Quinnipiac River; and overlooking the east side of the harbor, The Annex and East Shore (or Morris Cove).
Economy
The New Haven economy was originally based in manufacturing, but the postwar period brought about a rapid industry decline; the entire Northeast is affected, and medium-sized cities with large working class populations, such as New Haven, are hit hard. At the same time, Yale University's growth and expansion has further affected the economic shift. Currently, more than half (56%) of the city's economy now consists of services, particularly education and health care; Yale is the largest company in town, followed by Yale - New Haven Hospital. Other major entrepreneurs include Southern Connecticut State University, key manufacturing Assa Abloy, headquarters of Knights of Columbus, Higher One, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Covidien, and United Illuminating. Yale and Yale-New Haven are also one of the largest companies in the state, and provide more $ 100,000 working positions than any other company in Connecticut.
Gant and Ann Taylor clothing stores were established in the city.
In 2017, New Haven is classified by Verizon's research as one of the top 10 cities in America to launch technology startups, and the top two in New England.
Industrial sector : Agriculture (0.6%), Construction and Mining (4.9%), Manufacturing (2.9%), Transportation and Utilities (2.9%), Trade (21, 7%), Finance and Real Estate (7.1%), Services (55.9%), Government (4.0%)
Headquarters
The Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic fraternity service organization and Fortune 1000 company, is based in New Haven. Two other Fortune 1000 companies are headquartered in Greater New Haven: the Hubbell, Wall, and Wallingford-based manufacturer of Hubbell, based in Orange, and Amphenol. Eight Courant 100 companies are based in Greater New Haven, with four headquarters in New Haven proper. New Haven-based firms traded on the stock exchange include NewAlliance Bank, the second largest bank in Connecticut and fourth-largest in New England (NYSE: NAL), Higher One Holdings (NYSE: ONE), a United Illuminating financial services company, electrical distributor for Southern Connecticut (NYSE: UIL), Achillion Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: Ã, ACHN), Alexion Pharmaceuticals (ALXN), and Transpro Inc. (AMEX: TPR). Vion Pharmaceuticals is traded OTC (OTC BB: VIONQ.OB). Other well-known companies based in this city are Peter Paul Candy Manufacturing Company (the candy making division of Hershey Company), and the American division of Assa Abloy (one of the world's leading key manufacturers). The Southern New England Telephone Company (SNET) began operating in the city as a New Haven District Telephone Company in 1878; the company remains based in New Haven as a subsidiary of Frontier Communications and provides telephone services to all but two municipalities in Connecticut. SeeClickFix was founded and has been headquartered in this city since 2007.
Demographics
Census data
The US Census Bureau reports the 2010 population of 129,779, with 47,094 families and 25,854 families in the city of New Haven. Population density is 6,859.8 persons per square mile (2,648.6/km²). There are 52,941 housing units with an average density of 2,808.5 per square mile (1,084.4/km²). City's racial makeup is 42.6% White, 35.4% African American, 0.5% Native Americans, 4.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Island, 12.9% of other races, and 3.9 % of two or more races. Hispanic or Latino population of any race is 27.4% of the population. Non-Hispanic whites were 31.8% of the population in 2010, down from 69.6% in 1970. The demography of the city is shifting rapidly: New Haven has always been a city of immigrants and the population of Latin is growing rapidly. The previous queues among ethnic groups were African-Americans in the postwar era, and Ireland, Italy and (to a lesser extent) the Slavic peoples of the prewar period.
In the 2010 census, of 47,094 households, 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.5% including married couples living together, 22.9% had non-husbands female households, and 45 , 1% is not family.. 36.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.5% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.19.
The New Haven population is 25.4% below the age of 18, 16.4% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 16.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% 65 years old or more. The median age is 29 years, which is much lower than the national average. There are 91.8 men per 100 women. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 87.6 men.
The average income for households in the city is $ 29,604, and the average income for families is $ 35,950. The median income for men is $ 33,605, compared to $ 28,424 for women. The per capita income for the city is $ 16,393. Approximately 20.5% of families and 24.4% of the population live below the poverty line, including 32.2% of those under the age of 18 and 17.9% of those aged 65 and older.
More data
It is estimated that 14% of the population of New Haven is a pedestrian commuter, ranking it number four with the highest percentage in the United States. This is mainly due to the small area of ​​New Haven and the presence of Yale University.
New Haven is a predominantly Roman Catholic city, as Dominican, Irish, Italian, Mexican, Ecuadorian and Puerto Rican residents are very Catholic. This city is part of Hartford Archdiocese. The Jews are also the largest part of the population, just like the Black Baptists. There are more and more Pentecostal people (mostly Puerto Rican) as well. There are churches for all the major branches of Christianity within the city, several storefront churches, ministries (especially in the Latino and Black working class neighborhoods), a mosque, many synagogues (including two yeshiva), and other places of worship; the level of religious diversity in the city is high.
A study of the demographics of the New Haven metro area, based on age, educational attainment, and race and ethnicity, found that they were the closest of American cities to the national average.
Law and Government
Political structure
New Haven is administered through the mayor's council system. Connecticut (like neighboring Massachusetts and Rhode Island) provides almost all local services (such as fires and rescues, education, snow removal, etc.), since the local government has been removed since 1960.
New Haven County refers only to the grouping of towns and district courts, not government entities. New Haven is a member of the Central Connecticut Regional Regional Government Council (SCRCOG), a regional body established to facilitate coordination between municipal and state and federal government, in the absence of local government.
Toni Harp is the mayor of New Haven. He was sworn in as mayor of the 50th New Haven on January 1, 2014 and was the first woman to hold the office.
The city council, called the Alder Council, consists of thirty members, each chosen from a single-membered ward. Each of the 30 wards comprises slightly more than 4,300 residents; redistricting happens every ten years.
The city is very Democratic. By 2017, out of 83,694 city voters, 66% are registered as Democrats (-4% since 2015), 4% are registered as Republicans (1%), and 29% are unaffiliated (3). Alder Board is dominated by Democrats; a Republican has not served as New Haven alder since 2011.
New Haven is served by the New Haven Police Department, which has 443 officers sworn in in 2011. The city is also serviced by the New Haven Fire Department.
New Haven is located within the Connecticut 3rd congress district and has been represented by Rosa DeLauro since 1991. Martin Looney and Gary Holder-Winfield represent New Haven in the Connecticut State Senate, and the city is located in six districts (number 92 to 97) from Connecticut. House of Representatives.
The Greater New Haven area is served by New Haven Judicial District Court and New Haven Superior Court, both based in the New Haven County Courthouse. The federal District Court for the District of Connecticut has a New Haven facility, Richard C. Lee, the United States Courthouse.
Political history
New Haven is the birthplace of former president George W. Bush, born when his father, former president George H. W. Bush, lived in New Haven while studying at Yale. In addition to being the college education of both President Bush, as a Yale student, New Haven is also the temporary home of former presidents William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, and Bill Clinton, as well as Secretary of State John Kerry. President Clinton met his wife, former US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, while both were students at Yale Law School. Former vice-president John C. Calhoun and Dick Cheney also studied in New Haven (though the latter did not pass from Yale). Before the 2008 election, the last time no one had any ties to New Haven and Yale on one of the major party tickets was 1968. James Hillhouse, a native of New Haven, served as President of the United States Senate pro tempore in 1801.
A city dominated by Democrats, New Haven voters strongly support Al Gore in the 2000 elections, Yale John Kerry graduates in 2004, and Barack Obama in 2008 and 2012. In the 2008 election, New Haven County was third among all the states of Connecticut in campaign contributions, after Fairfield and Hartford County. (Connecticut, in turn, ranked 14th among all states in total campaign contribution.)
New Haven is the subject of Who Governs? Democracy and Power in American Cities, a very influential book in political science by renowned Yale professor Robert A. Dahl, which covers the city's extensive history and a thorough description of his politics in the 1950s. The theocratic history of New Haven is also mentioned several times by Alexis de Tocqueville in his classic volume of 19th-century American political life, Democracy in America. New Haven was the home of conservative thinker William F. Buckley, Jr., in 1951, when he wrote his influential letter to God and Man at Yale. William Lee Miller's Fifteenth Ward and Large Society (1966) also explores the relationship between local politics in New Haven and the national political movement, focusing on the Great Society of Lyndon Johnson and urban renewal.
George Williamson Crawford, a graduate of the Yale Law School, served as an advisor to the first black company in the city from 1954 to 1962, under Mayor Richard C. Lee.
In 1970, the New Haven Black Panther trial took place, the largest and longest experiment in Connecticut history. Black Panther Party founder Bobby Seale and ten other party members on trial for killing an accused informant. Starting on May Day, the city became a protest center for 12,000 Panther supporters, students, and New Left activists (including Jean Genet, Benjamin Spock, Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, and John Froines), who gathered at New Haven Green, across the street from where the trial was held. The violent confrontation between demonstrators and the New Haven Police took place, and several bombs were blown up in the area by radicals. This event became a gathering point for New Left and critics of the Nixon Administration.
During the summer of 2007, New Haven was a protest center by anti-immigration groups opposed to a city program offering city identity cards, known as Resident Cards of Elm City, to illegal immigrants. In 2008, Ecuador opened a consulate in New Haven to serve a large population of Ecuadorian immigrants in the area. This is the first foreign mission opened in New Haven since Italy opened a consulate (now closed) in the city in 1910.
In April 2009, the United States Supreme Court agreed to hear a lawsuit over reverse discrimination brought by 20 white and Hispanic firefighters against the city. The lawsuit involved a 2003 promotion test for the New Haven Fire Department. After the tests were printed, no blacks scored high enough to qualify for consideration for promotion, so the city announced that nothing would be promoted. On June 29, 2009, the United States Supreme Court ruled in favor of firefighters, agreeing that they were rejected improperly because of their race. Case, Ricci v. DeStefano , became highly publicized and brought national attention to New Haven politics due to the involvement of the Supreme Court candidate (and Yale Law School graduate) Sonia Sotomayor in a lower court ruling..
Garry Trudeau, comic strip maker Doonesbury , attends Yale University. There he met fellow students and then Green Party candidate for Congressman Charles Pillsbury, a longtime resident of New Haven for whom Trudeau strip comics were named. During his college years, Pillsbury was known as "The Doones". An international legal theory, which argues for the sociological normative approach in terms of jurisprudence, is named the New Haven Approach, after the city. US Senator from Connecticut Richard Blumenthal is a Yale graduate, such as former Connecticut US Senator Joe Lieberman who was also a resident of New Haven for many years, before moving back to his hometown of Stamford.
Crime
Crime increased in the 1990s, with New Haven having one of the ten highest crime rates per capita violence in the United States. In the late 1990s New Haven's crime began to stabilize. The city, adopting a community policing policy, saw crime rates decline during the 2000s.
Cruel crime rates vary dramatically among New Haven neighborhoods, with some areas having crime rates that are in line with the average Connecticut state, and others with very high crime rates. The 2011 New Haven Health Department report identifies this issue in greater detail.
In 2010, New Haven was ranked 18th of the most dangerous cities in the United States (albeit below the safety benchmark of 200.00 for the second year in a row). However, according to a completely different analysis conducted by the "24/7 Wall Street Blog", in 2011, New Haven has risen to the fourth most dangerous city in the United States, and is widely quoted in such mass media.
However, analysis by the Regional Data Cooperative for Greater New Haven, Inc., has shown that due to the comparative denominator and other factors, the municipality-based rating may be considered inaccurate. For example, two cities with identical populations may encompass very different land areas, making such an analysis irrelevant. Research organizations call for comparisons based on a standard environment, block, or methodology (similar to those used by Brookings, DiversityData, and other established institutions), not by municipality.
Education
Colleges and universities
New Haven is an important center of higher education. Yale University, in the heart of downtown, is one of the city's most famous features and its greatest employer. New Haven is also home to Southern Connecticut State University, part of the Connecticut State University System, and Albertus Magnus College, a private institution. Gateway Community College has campuses in downtown New Haven, formerly located in the Long Wharf district; The gateway is consolidated into a single campus downtown to a new state-of-the-art campus (on the site of the old Macy building) and is open for the fall fall of 2012.
There are several institutions outside of New Haven, too. Quinnipiac University and Paier College of Art are located to the north, in Hamden City. The University of New Haven is located not in New Haven but in neighboring West Haven.
Primary and secondary schools
New Haven Public Schools is a school district that serves the city. Wilbur Cross High School and Hillhouse High School are the two largest public high schools in New Haven.
Hopkins School, a private school, was founded in 1660 and is the fifth oldest educational institution in the United States. New Haven is home to a number of other private schools as well as general magnet schools, including the Metropolitan Business Academy, Community Colleges, Hill District Career Colleges, Co-op Colleges, New Haven Academy, Edgewood Magnet School, ACES Education Center for the Arts, Foote School and Sound School, all of which attract students from New Haven and the suburbs. New Haven is also home to two First Achievement charter schools, Amistad Academy and Preparation of Elm City City, and to the Common Ground, the environmental charter school.
The city is famous for its progressive school lunch programs, and participation in state-wide efforts toward increased diversity in schools.
New Haven Promise
The city is home to the New Haven Promise, a Yale University-funded scholarship for eligible students. Students must be enrolled in public high school (charter included) for four years, becoming city dwellers during that time, carrying 3.0 cumulative average-grade, having a 90 percent attendance rate and conducting 40 hours of service for the city. The initiative was launched in 2010 and there are currently over 500 undergraduates enrolled at qualified Connecticut colleges and universities. There are more than 60 cities in the country that have a promise type program for their students.
Culture
Cuisine
Livability.com was named New Haven as the Best Foodie City in the country in 2014. There are 56 Zagat-rated restaurants in New Haven, the most in Connecticut and the third most in New England (after Boston and Cambridge). Over 120 restaurants are located within two blocks of New Haven Green. The city is home to an eclectic mix of ethnic restaurants and small markets specializing in a variety of foreign foods. The food served includes Malaysia, Ethiopia, Spain, Belgium, France, Greece, Latin America, Mexico, Italy, Thailand, China, Japan, Vietnam, Korea, India, Jamaica, Cuba, Peru, Syria/Lebanon, and Turkey.
New Haven's biggest culinary claim to fame might be its pizza, which is claimed to be one of the best in the country, or even in the world. New Haven-style Pizza, called "apizza" (pronounced ah- BEETS ,
The second famous New Haven gastronomic claim is the Louis' Lunch, located in a small brick building on Crown Street and has been serving fast food since 1895. Although arguably fiercely, Louis Lassen's restaurant founder is credited by the Library of Congress by inventing hamburger sandwiches and steak. Louis' lunch of hamburgers, steak sandwiches and hot dogs vertically in the original 1898 antique furnishings using a grille, patented by local resident Luigi Pieragostini in 1939, which holds the meat in place when cooked.
New Haven's third gastronomic claim to fame is Miya's, the world's first sustainable sushi restaurant. Miya's, founded by Chef Yoshiko Lai in 1982, features the first sustainable, seafood-based sushi menu, the first plant-based sushi menu, and the first invasive species menu in the world. The second generation of chef Miya, Bun Lai, is the 2016 White House Change Champion for Sustainable Seafood and the James Beard Foundation Award nomination. Chef Bun Lai is credited as the first chef in the world to apply a sustainability paradigm on sushi cuisine.
During the weekday lunch hour, over 150 lunch carts and food trucks from neighborhood restaurants serve different student populations throughout the Yale campus. Cart wagon at three major points: by Yale - New Haven Hospital at Green Hospital Center (Cedar and York Road), by Yale Trumbull College (Elm and York Road), and at the Prospekt and Sachem junction of the School of Management Yale.
The popular farmer's market, managed by local non-profit CitySeed, sets up weekly stores in several neighborhoods, including Westville/Edgewood Park, Fair Haven, Upper State Street, Wooster Square, and Downtown/New Haven Green.
A large grocery store, Elm Town Market, opened at 360 State Street in New Haven in early fall 2011 and serves local produce and groceries for the community. Initially, the market was a member-owned co-op, but a default in August 2014 forced the sale of the business. Now it's an employee-owned business; previous owners of co-ops do not accept equity in new business.
In recent years, two separate city center food companies have begun to offer tours of popular restaurants on weekends. Taste of New Haven Tours offers several different weekly restaurant/bar tours and popular pizza, bike and strip tours. Culinary Walking Tours offers monthly restaurant tours and sponsors the annual Elm City Iron Chef competition.
Theater and movies
The city has a number of theaters and production houses, including Yale Reperto Theater, Long Wharf Theater, and Shubert Theater. There is also a theater activity from the Yale School of Drama, which works through the Yale University Theater and Yale Cabaret run by students. Southern Connecticut State University hosted the Lyman Center for Performing Arts. The closed The Palace Theater (opposite Shubert Theater) is being renovated and will reopen as College Street Music Hall in May 2015. Smaller theater including Little Theater on Lincoln Street. The School of Arts and Humanities Cooperative also offers state-of-the-art theater at College Street. The theater is used for student production, and is home to a weekly service to a non-denominational local church, City Church New Haven.
The Shubert Theater has aired many major theatrical performances before their Broadway debut. Productions aired at Shubert include Oklahoma! (also written in New Haven),
Bow Tie Cinemas owns and operates Criterion Cinemas, the first new movie theater to open in New Haven in more than 30 years and the first luxury film complex in the city's history. This criterion has seven screens and opened in November 2004, showing the first mix of commercial and independent films that run top class.
Museum
New Haven has museums, many of which are associated with Yale. The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library show original copies of the Gutenberg Bible. There is also the Connecticut Children's Museum; the Knights of Columbus museum near the organization's headquarters; Peabody Museum of Natural History; Yale University Music Instrument Collection; the Eli Whitney Museum (across the city line in Hamden, Connecticut, on Whitney Avenue); Yale Center for British Art, which houses the largest collection of British art outside England, and Yale University Art Gallery, the country's oldest college art museum. New Haven is also home to the New Haven Museum and Historical Society on Whitney Avenue, which has a large library of primary source treasures dating from the Colonial era to the present day.
Artspace on Orange Street is one of several contemporary art galleries around the city, featuring works by local, national, and international artists. Others include City Gallery and A. Leaf Gallery in the city center. The Westville Gallery includes Kehler Liddell, Jennifer Jane Gallery, and The Hungry Eye. The Erector Square complex in the Fair Haven neighborhood houses the Parachute Factory gallery along with many artist studios, and the complex serves as an active destination during the annual City-Wide Open Studios in October.
New Haven is a world-sized portable replica of Freedom Schooner Amistad, which is open for touring at Long Wharf wharf at certain times during the summer. Also at Long Wharf wharf is the Quinnipiack schooner, offering sailing cruises in the harbor area throughout the summer. The Quinnipiack also serves as a floating classroom for hundreds of local students.
Music
New Haven Green is the site of many free music concerts, especially during the summer months. These include the New Haven Symphony Orchestra, July Free Concerts on the Green in July, and the New Haven Jazz Festival in August. The Jazz Festival, which began in 1982, was one of the largest outdoor free festivals in the US, until it was canceled for 2007. Headliners such as The Breakfast, Dave Brubeck, Ray Charles and Celia Cruz have historically attracted 30,000 to 50,000 fans, filling New Haven Green to capacity. The New Haven Jazz Festival was revived in 2008 and has been sponsored by Jazz Haven.
New Haven is home to Toad's Place concert venue, and a new venue, College Street Music Hall. The city maintains an alternative art and underground music that has helped influence post-punk music movements such as indie, college rock and underground hip-hop. Other local places include Cafe Nine, BAR, Pacific Standard Tavern, Stella Blues, Three Sheets, Firehouse 12, and Rudy.
Yale School of Music contributes to the city's music scene by offering hundreds of free concerts throughout the year at various places in and around the Yale campus. The big show was held at the 2,700-seat Anglican Auditorium, which contained the world's largest symphonic organ, while music and room recitations were performed at Sprague Hall.
The hardcore band Hatebreed came from Wallingford, but started in New Haven under the name Jasta 14. Band Miracle Legion was formed in New Haven in 1983.
Festivals
In addition to the Jazz Festival (described above), New Haven serves as the home town of the annual International Art and Ideas Festival. Saint Patrick's New Day Parade in New Haven, which began in 1842, is St. Patty Day is the oldest in New England and attracts the biggest crowd from a one-day audience in Connecticut. The St Andrew the Apostle Italian Festival has been taking place in the historic Wooster Square area every year since 1900. Other parishes in the city celebrate the Feast of Saint Anthony of Padua and the carnival in honor of St. Peter's. Bernadette Soubirous. New Haven celebrates the Day of Powder every April in New Haven Green to commemorate the city's entrance into the Revolutionary War. The annual Cherry Blossom Wooster Square festival commemorates the 1973 planting of 72 Japanese Yoshino cherry trees by the New Haven Historical Commission in collaboration with the New Haven Park Department and the residents of the neighborhood. The festival now attracts more than 5,000 visitors. The Fest New Haven movie has been held annually since 1995.
Nightlife
In the last decade, the city center has witnessed the entry of new restaurants, bars and nightclubs. Large crowds pulled into the downtown Crown Street area on weekends where many restaurants and bars are located. Crown Street between State and High street has dozens of places, as well as the nearby Temple and College street. Away from the city center, Upper State Street has a number of restaurants and bars popular with locals and weekend visitors.
Newspapers and media
New Haven is served by the New Haven Daily's weekly "New Haven Advocate" ("run by the Tribune, Hartford Courant ), daily" online New Haven Independent , and the monthly Grand News Community newspaper. Downtown New Haven is covered by an in-depth civil news forum, New Design Haven. The List also supports magazine PLAY , weekly entertainment publications. The city is also served by several student-run papers, including the Yale Daily News, the weekly Yale Herald and the humor tabloid, Rumpus Magazine. WTNH Channel 8, ABC affiliate for Connecticut, WCTX Channel 59, MyNetworkTV affiliate for state, public broadcast Connecticut, WEDY channel 65, PBS affiliate, and WTXX Channel 34, IntrigueTV affiliate, broadcast from New Haven. All New York City news and sports teams are broadcast to New Haven County.
Sports and athletics
New Haven has a history of professional sports franchises dating from the 19th century and has been home to baseball teams, basketball, soccer, hockey, and professional football - including the New York Giants of the National Football League from 1973 to 1974, which playing at the Yale Bowl. Throughout the second half of the 20th century, New Haven consistently has small league hockey and baseball teams, who played at the New Haven Arena (built in 1926, destroyed in 1972), the New Haven Coliseum (1972-2002), and Yale Field (1928-present).
When John DeStefano, Jr., became mayor of New Haven in 1995, he outlined a plan to turn the city into a major cultural and arts center in the Northeast, involving investments in programs and projects other than sports franchises. Because the nearby Bridgeport built a new sports facility, the brutal New Haven colony quickly deteriorated. Believing on-site maintenance to drain tax money, the DeStefano government closed the Coliseum in 2002; was dismantled in 2007. New Haven's latest professional sports team, New Haven County Cutters, was abandoned in 2009. The DeStefano government, however, saw the construction of the New Haven Athletic Center in 1998, covering 94,000 square feet (8,700 Ã, m 2 ) indoor athletic facilities with seating capacity of over 3,000. NHAC, built adjacent to Hillhouse High School, is used for athletic New Haven public schools, as well as large-scale areas and state sport events; it is the largest indoor high school sports complex in the state.
New Haven is the host of the 1995 World Special Olympic Games; President Bill Clinton spoke at the opening ceremony. The city is home to Pilot Pen International's tennis event, which takes place every August at the Connecticut Tennis Center, one of the largest tennis venues in the world. New Haven twice a year hosts "The Game" between Yale and Harvard, the country's oldest college football competition. Many street races take place in New Haven, including the 20K US Championships during the New Haven Road Race.
Greater New Haven is home to a number of college sports teams. The Yale Bulldogs play the Division I sports college, as did the Quinnipiac Bobcats in Hamden's neighbor. The 2nd athletic division is played by Southern Connecticut State University and University of New Haven (actually located in neighboring West Haven), while athlete Albertus Magnus College performs at Division III level.
New Haven is home to many New York Yankees fans because of its proximity to New York City.
Walter Camp, regarded as "the father of American football," is a New Havener.
New Haven Warriors rugby league team plays at AMNRL. They have a large number of Pacific Islanders playing for them. Their field is located at Ken Strong Stadium of West Haven High School. They won the Grand Final of AMNRL 2008.
Structure
Architecture
New Haven has many architectural landmarks derived from every important time period and architectural style in American history. The city has been home to a number of architects and architectural companies that have left their mark in the city including Ithiel City and Henry Austin in the 19th century and Cesar Pelli, Warren Platner, Kevin Roche, Herbert Newman and Barry Svigals on the 20th. Yale The School of Architecture has fostered an important component of the city's economy. Cass Gilbert, of Beaux-Arts school, designed Union Station New Haven and New Haven Free Public Library and was also assigned to City Beautiful plans in 1919. Frank Lloyd Wright, Marcel Breuer, Alexander Jackson Davis, Philip C. Johnson, Gordon Bunshaft, Louis Kahn, James Gamble Rogers, Frank Gehry, Charles Willard Moore, Stefan Behnisch, James Polshek, Paul Rudolph, Eero Saarinen and Robert Venturi have all designed buildings in New Haven. Yale's 1950-era Ingalls Rink, designed by Eero Saarinen, is included in America's Favorite Architecture list created in 2007.
Many of the neighborhoods of this city are well preserved as a "museum" on foot from 19th and 20th century American architecture, mainly by New Haven Green, Hillhouse Avenue and other residential sections close to Downtown New Haven. Overall, most of the city is the National Historic Area (NRHP). One of the best sources for local architecture is New Haven: Urban Architecture and Design , by Elizabeth Mills Brown.
The five tallest buildings in New Haven are:
- Connecticut Financial Center 383Ã, ft (117Ã,m) 26 floors
- 360 State Street 338Ã, ft (103 m) 32 storeys
- Knights of Columbus Building 321Ã, ft (98Ã, m) 23 floors
- Kline Biology Tower 250Ã, ft (76Ã,m) 16 floors
- Crown Tower 233Ã, ft (71Ã,m) 22nd floor
Interesting historic place
Many historical sites exist throughout the city, including 59 properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Of this amount, nine is one of 60 National Historic Landmarks in Connecticut. The New Haven Green, one of the National Historic Landmarks, was formed in 1638, and is home to three nineteenth-century churches. Under one of the churches (referred to as the Central Church on-the-Green) lies a 17th-century cellar, open to visitors. Some of the more famous cemeteries include the first wife of Benedict Arnold and the aunt and grandmother of President Rutherford B. Hayes; Hayes visited the basement when the President in 1880. The Yale University Yale Campus is located next to Green, and includes Connecticut Hall, Yale's oldest building and the National Historic Landmark. The Hillhouse Avenue area, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is also part of the Yale campus, has been called a walkable museum, due to the 19th century mansions and street scape; Charles Dickens is said to call Hillhouse Avenue "the most beautiful street in America" ​​when visiting the city in 1868.
In 1660, Edward Whalley (cousin and friend Oliver Cromwell) and William Goffe, two British Civil War generals who signed the death warrant of King Charles I, hid in a rock formation in New Haven after fleeing from Britain after the restoration of Charles II to the throne of England. They then joined the third registrar, John Dixwell. The rock formations, which are now part of West Rock Park, are known as the Cave of Judges, and the path leading to the cave is called Jejak Jejak.
After the American Revolution War broke out in 1776, the Connecticut colonial government ordered the construction of the Black Stone Fortress (which will be built on an older 17th century fortress) to protect the port of New Haven. In 1779, during the Battle of New Haven, British troops captured the Black Rock Fort and burned the barracks to the ground. The fort was rebuilt in 1807 by the federal government (on orders from the Thomas Jefferson government), and restarted Fort Nathan Hale, after the Revolutionary War hero who had lived in New Haven. Fort Nathan Hale's cannon succeeded against British warships during the War of 1812. In 1863, during the Civil War, the second Fort Hale was built next to the original, complete with bomb-proof bunkers and trenches, to defend the city should the South attack against New Haven be launched. The United States Congress handed the site to the state in 1921, and all three versions of the fort had been restored. The site is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places and receives thousands of visitors each year.
The Grove Street Cemetery, a National Historic Landmark located adjacent to the Yale campus, contains the tombs of Roger Sherman, Eli Whitney, Noah Webster, Josiah Willard Gibbs, Charles Goodyear and Walter Camp, among other important burials. The cemetery is recorded for the gates of the Awakening of Egypt, and is the oldest burial ground planned in the United States. The Union League Club of New Haven, located in Chapel Street, is famous for not only being a historic Beaux-Arts building, but also built on the site where Roger Sherman's house once stood; George Washington is known to live in Sherman's residence while President in 1789 (one of Washington's three visits to New Haven throughout his life).
Two sites pay homage to the time of President and Supreme Court Justice William Howard Taft lives in town, both as a student and then Professor at Yale: a plaque on Prospect Street marks the site where Taft's previous home was, and the Taft Apartment Building in the city center (formerly the Taft Hotel) bears the name of the former President who lived in the building for eight years before becoming the US Supreme Court Justice.
Lighthouse Point Park, a public beach run by the city, is a popular tourist destination during the Roaring Twenties, which menar
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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